Sumita Arora Solution

Stack and Queue Queue – simulates queue of people waiting for their turn in FIFO manner Stack – simulates blankets being given in LIFO manner

– Queue is a linear data structure– It stores data in FIFO (First In First Out) manner– Data elements are added at rear end and deleted from front endQueue allow following operation:– Enqueue : a new data element is added at the rear end– Dequeue: data element is removed from front end– Peek : viewing

– Stack is a linear data structure.– It stores data in LIFO (Last in First Out) manner.– Insertion and Deletion take place at one end.Stack allows following operations:– Push- new data element is added at the top of stack– Pop- data element is removed from the top of the stack– Peek- displaying topmost element of

Linear data structure– Data elements are stored in a sequence– Each data element is connected to next or previous adjacent element– Exp- stack, queue, linked listNon-linear data structure– Data elements are distributed over a plane– Data elements are connected in hierarchical manner.– Exp-Tree

Yes data structure is related to data type. Following are the reasons-– Data type ensure which type of data a data structure will contain– Data type ensure the type of operations can be performed on data structure– Data type determines the size of data structure in terms of memory.

– Data structure is way of organizing, managing, process data in efficient manner.– Data Structure is physical implementation of data.– Data structure helps processor to process and handle large and complex data without any failure.– Data structure allows running a program or implementing operation at minimum time.– Data structure allows to minimum memory space to

Text file should be preferred over binary files because-– Can be read by user– Less likely to be corrupted– Edited by many programs– More organized and valid data

Binary formIn binary files data is stored in raw i.e. binary form , no delimiter is needed and translation of data is not required. Hence binary files are faster and easier for program to read and write than text files. Text formIn text file data is stored in Unicode or ASCII that can be read

Mode determines the type of operation (such as reading data from file, writing data from file, closing file )to be done on data file. It tells how the data file will be used after opening it. File Mode Description Purpose “r” Read only Open file in read only mode. “w” Write only Existing data of

open() as it name implies used to open a data file in a program through file object and close() is used to close() the link of file object and data file. Once data file is closed, no operation can be performed.