CS Class 12 Tutorial

Mesh Topology Tree Topology It is comparatively more complex it is comparatively less complex Difficult to install and maintain comparatively less difficult to install and maintain Expensive                                                Comparatively less expensive Each node can be treated as router Routers are set separately Failure of any node doesn’t affect entire network communication Failure of higher node […]

Yes we can term PAN as LAN because of following reasons: both are set for small area or under a roof both are set as private often both can use Wi-Fi technology for data transmission

LAN WAN Area covered by LAN is around 10km radius WAN can cover entire country or globe Transmission speed is high in LAN Transmission speed is low in WAN LAN setup is comparatively less expensive Wan set is expensive It uses Ethernet, Wifi technology for communication It uses optical fiber, satellite technology for communication LAN

Repeater Amplifier It reproduces signal It increases amplitude of signal Repeater is a sole device Amplifier is part of repeater It has high gain and low output power It has low gain and high output power Mainly used in fixed environment Mainly used in remote and mobile environment Noise elimination is effective in repeater It

A gateway is a node considered as the entrance point to other networks, so that different networks can communicate with each other. It connects different network follows different protocols and different properties. Gateway can be any software, hardware or combination of both. Gateway can acts as a proxy server or firewall.

It is a networking device that forward data packets from source to destination machine over the network by using shortest path. It has advanced capabilities as it can analyze the data being carried over a network, decide or alter how it is packaged, and send it to another network of a different type.

A switch is a hardware networking device that connects multiple nodes, receives information from all nodes and sends it only to the selected node. A switch can analyse and receives data and send it to intended node. And hence also known as Intelligent Hub.

A hub is hardware networking device that connects multiple nodes in a network and send and receive data from all the connected nodes. A hub contains multiple ports that are used to connect multiple nodes. A hub is best suitable for creating small home network (LAN). Hubs can be categorized in two types: Active Hub:

Modem plays very important role to connect computer or any other device such as router or switch to the Internet. it converts (modulate) an analog signal from telephone or cable wire to digital data  that a computer can recognize. Similarly, it converts (demodulate) digital data from a computer or other device into an analog signal

Star and bus topology Star topology Bus topology All nodes are connected to central hub All nodes are connected with single cable called backbone It is more expensive It is less expensive Chances of data collision is low Chances of data collision is high Failure of a node may affect entire network Failure of a