Latest & comprehensive Class 12 Communication Skills Notes designed for CBSE Boards with all important points & examples. Perfect for quick revision, concept clarity, and high scores.
Class 12 Communication Skills Notes
Active Listening & Communication Basics
Communication Overview
- Definition: Two-way process of exchanging information using language, symbol, sign, or behaviour.
- To learn language one required: Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing (LSRW).
- Communication is Important because:
- Understand people better.
- Understand other’s culture
- Essential in 21st century opportunities.
- Helps in global travel & understanding signage.
Elements of communication
💡 Feedback ensures message is understood correctly.
Listening Skills
- Reasons for listening:
- To obtain information.
- To understand and learn
- To build relationships & resolve conflicts.
Active Listening
- Definition: Listening with attention to comprehend
- Importance: Improves job effectiveness, relationships, and problem-solving.
Factors affecting active listening
- Eye contact → shows attention.
- Gestures → indicate to speaker you are listing
- Avoid distractions → avoid things that distract you like switch off mobile
- feedback → positive or negative.
Stages of Active Listening (5)
- Receiving – Attentively listening.
- Understanding – Agreement about something/someone
- Remembering – Recall of information from past.
- Evaluating – Judge value, quantity & importance of something/someone
- Responding – saying or doing something in response
How to ensure Active Listening
- Remove – eliminate distractions like reduce volume of TV
- Eye Contact – look at speaker
- Show – use gestures to ensure you are listening
- Pay – pay attention and focus
- Empathise – feel the emotion of speaker
- Clarify doubts – ask questions to clear doubt
- Tune – response when speaker finishes
💡 Remember acronym ‘RESPECT’ for Active Listening
How to overcome communication barriers
- Control emotions; keep away phones/devices.
- Create distraction-free environment.
- Be objective; avoid biases.
- Let speaker finish before responding.
Class 12 Communication Skills Notes
Parts of Speech
Sentences & Phrases
- Sentence: Group of words that make complete meaning.
- Example → Raju goes to school
- Phrase: Group of words that does not make complete meaning.
- Example →Raju goes to school
Using capitals (MINTS Rule)
- M → Months, days, holidays.
- I → Word “I”.
- N → Names of people & places.
- T → Titles.
- S → Start of a sentence.
Punctuation (15 Punctuation Marks)
- Includes: full stop, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, apostrophe, colon, semi-colon, dash, hyphen, parenthesis, quotation marks, bracket, brace, ellipsis, bullet point.
Basic Parts of Speech
Supporting parts of speech
Along with main parts of speech, some words are used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.
Class 12 Communication Skills Notes
Writing Sentences
Types of sentence
- Types:
- Simple → Simple sentence consists of one subject and one predicate or one finite verb.
- Example – Rahul sells a mobile.
- Complex sentence → A complex sentence has two or more clauses joined by a conjunction.
- Example – We went to school, and studied happily.
- Simple → Simple sentence consists of one subject and one predicate or one finite verb.
Objects
- Direct Object → It answers the question “what?”
- Example – In the sentence “Nisha sells a laptop,” if we ask “What does Nisha sell?” the answer is “laptop.”
- Indirect Object → It answers the question “to whom/for whom?”
- Example – In the sentence “Ram buy a book for his sister”, if we ask “What did Ram buy?” the answer is “laptop”.
Active & Passive Sentaces
- Active → Subject performs action. (Sanjay broke the glass.)
- Passive → Subject receives action. (The glass was broken by Sanjay.)
Types of Sentences
- Declarative → Information or fact.
- Interrogative → Ask question.
- Exclamatory → Express strong emotion.
- Imperative → Show command/Request.
Paragraph
- Group of sentences around a common idea.
- Start new paragraph for new idea.